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UAE: How to File a Labour Complaint for Rights Violations

  • Gulf Trick

Dubai: Employees in the UAE facing issues like delayed salaries, unpaid overtime, or withheld gratuity should know that these practices are illegal.

If you believe your labour rights have been violated, you can file a complaint with the Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (MOHRE), which will mediate disputes and can refer cases to court if necessary.

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How to File a Complaint

  1. Document the Issue: Begin by documenting the problem in writing. An email can suffice as evidence. This step is crucial for any subsequent action.
  2. Escalate the Complaint:
    • For Mainland Companies: If your employer does not resolve the issue, escalate it to MOHRE through their app, call center (80060), or website. For claims under AED 50,000, MOHRE can issue a binding decision. Claims over this amount will receive a No Objection Certificate (NOC) to proceed to court.
    • For Free Zone Companies: File your complaint with the respective free zone’s mediation department. If unresolved, an NOC will be issued to take the matter to court.

Special Cases and Time Limits

  • Withheld Passports: Employers cannot retain employee passports. Such cases should be reported to local police, not the labour court.
  • Time Limit: Complaints must be filed within two years from the occurrence of the issue.

After Filing a Complaint

Once a complaint is filed, MOHRE will mediate between both parties. If no resolution is reached:

  • For claims under AED 50,000, MOHRE can issue a binding decision.
  • Higher-value claims will be referred to the Labour Court.

Language and Legal Representation

Mediation is conducted in Arabic and English, but court documents must be in Arabic. While hiring a lawyer is not mandatory, it is highly recommended for navigating the legal process effectively.

Possible Outcomes

Successful claims may result in:

  • Payment of unpaid wages or overtime
  • End-of-service benefits
  • Compensation for wrongful termination

Working During Proceedings

Employees can remain in the UAE and work for a new employer during the proceedings if they obtain the necessary permits.

Understanding these steps and your rights can empower you to address workplace issues effectively in the UAE.

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